We have several goals for this chapter:

• Understand how the concepts of citizenship and journalistic independence can come into conflict when legal authorities subpoena reporters for information
• Learn the statutory and Constitutional protections that are available when journalists are subpoenaed
• Know the circumstances in which journalists should -- or should not -- promise confidentiality to sources

Key terms and concepts:

• Promissory estoppel
• Shield law (we don't have one in Utah)
• Journalists' qualified privilege to protect sources
• "Confidential" vs. "non-confidential" information